Friday 18 November 2016

Tulu Lesson 40: may/might + have + Past Participle

namaskAra! Welcome back!

So far we have learned how to translate ‘would have’, ‘should have’ and ‘could have’ in Tulu. Today we are going to learn one more similar structure, i.e. ‘may/might + have + Past Participle’. This form is used to talk about the possibility that something happened in the past and also used to refer to the present or future.
 
Examples:

  • He may have seen you

  • They might have gone home

  • I might have finished this work by tomorrow.
First let us see how to translate the word ‘may’ into Tulu. In Tulu there is no separate word for 'may'. Instead we use the Uncertain Future Tense to express probability or uncertainty. We have already learned this in the Lesson 7 Uncertain Future Tense

E.g. 
yAn ellae pOvae – I may go tomorrow (I will probably go tomorrow)
ini barsa baru – It may rain today (It will probably rain today)

To form “may/might + have + Past Participle” structure, we have to add uncertain future tense verb form of the auxiliary verb ‘uppuni’ (To be) to the past adverbial participle of the main verb.

Past Adverbial Participle (Perfect) + Uncertain future tense of the auxiliary verb ‘uppuni’

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bar (barpini) – To come

batt’d + uppae = batt’duppae – I may/might have come

yAn batt'duppae – I may/might have come
I batt'duppa – You may/might have come
Aye/imbe batt'duppe – He may/might have come
Al/mOlu batt'duppal– She may/might have come
au/undu batt'dupu – It may/might have come 
nama/enkulu batt'duppa– We may/might have come
Ir/nikulu batt'duppar– You may/might have come
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr batt'dupper – They may/might have come
undekulu/aikulu batt'duppa– They may/might have come

tU (tUpini) – To see

tUd + uppae = tUduppae – I may/might have seen

yAn tUduppae – I may/might have seen
I tUduppa – You may/might have seen
Aye/imbe tUduppe – He may/might have seen
Al/mOlu tUduppal– She may/might have seen
au/undu tUduppu – It may/might have seen 
nama/enkulu tUduppa– We may/might have seen
Ir/nikulu tUduppar– You may/might have seen
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr tUdupper – They may/might have seen
undekulu/aikulu tUduppa– They may/might have seen

pO (pOpini) – To go

pOd + uppae = pOduppae - I may/might have gone

yAn pOduppae – I may/might have gone
I pOduppa – You may/might have gone
Aye/imbe pOduppe – He may/might have gone
Al/mOlu pOduppal– She may/might have gone
au/undu pOduppu – It may/might have gone 
nama/enkulu pOduppa– We may/might have gone
Ir/nikulu pOduppar– You may/might have gone
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr pOdupper – They may/might have gone
undekulu/aikulu pOduppa– They may/might have gone

mugipu (mugipuni) – To finish

 mugit’d + uppae = mugit’duppae - I may/might have finished

yAn mugit'duppae – I may/might have finished
I mugit'duppa – You may/might have finished
Aye/imbe mugit'duppe – He may/might have finished
Al/mOlu mugit'duppal– She may/might have finished
au/undu mugit'duppu – It may/might have finished 
nama/enkulu mugit'duppa– We may/might have finished
Ir/nikulu mugit'duppar– You may/might have finished
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr mugit'dupper – They may/might have finished
undekulu/aikulu mugit'duppa– They may/might have finished

Tulu: Aye ninan tUduppe
English: He may have seen you
Kannada: avanu ninnannu nODirabahudu

Tulu: akulu illaDe pOdupper
English: They might have gone home
Kannada: avaru manege hOgirabahudu

Tulu: yAn elledulai I bElen mugit’duppae
English: I may have finished this work by tomorrow.
Kannada: nAnu nALeyoLage I kelasavannu mugisirabahudu

More Examples:

par (parpini) – To drink

pard + uppae = parduppae - I may/might have drunk

yAn parduppae – I may/might have drunk
I parduppa – You may/might have drunk
Aye/imbe parduppe – He may/might have drunk
Al/mOlu parduppal– She may/might have drunk
au/undu parduppu – It may/might have drunk 
nama/enkulu parduppa– We may/might have drunk
Ir/nikulu parduppar– You may/might have drunk
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr pardupper – They may/might have drunk
undekulu/aikulu parduppa– They may/might have drunk

A (Apini) – To become

Ad + uppae = Aduppae - I may/might have become

yAn Aduppae – I may/might have been
I Aduppa – You may/might have been
Aye/imbe Aduppe – He may/might have been
Al/mOlu Aduppal– She may/might have been
au/undu Aduppu – It may/might have been / It may be so
nama/enkulu Aduppa– We may/might have been
Ir/nikulu Aduppar– You may/might have been
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr Adupper – They may/might have been
undekulu/aikulu Aduppa– They may/might have been

kalpu (kalpuni) – To learn

kalt’d + uppae = kalt’duppae – I may/might have learned

yAn kalt'duppae – I may/might have learned
I kalt'duppa – You may/might have learned
Aye/imbe kalt'duppe – He may/might have learned
Al/mOlu kalt'duppal– She may/might have learned
au/undu kalt'duppu – It may/might have learned
nama/enkulu kalt'duppa– We may/might have learned
Ir/nikulu kalt'duppar– You may/might have learned
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr kalt'dupper – They may/might have learned
undekulu/aikulu kalt'duppa– They may/might have learned

Negative forms:

We have the following structure for “may/might not + have + Past Participle”

Past Adverbial Participle (Perfect) + Negative forms of the auxiliary verb ‘uppuni’ in Uncertain future tense

bar (barpini) – To come

batt’d + uppayae = batt’duppayae – I may/might not have come

yAn batt'duppayae – I may/might not have come
I batt'duppaya – You may/might not have come
Aye/imbe batt'duppaye – He may/might not have come
Al/mOlu batt'duppayal– She may/might not have come
au/undu batt'duppand – It may/might not have come 
nama/enkulu batt'duppaya– We may/might not have come
Ir/nikulu batt'duppayar– You may/might not have come
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr batt'duppayer – They may/might not have come
undekulu/aikulu batt'duppaya– They may/might not have come


tU (tUpini) – To see

tUd + uppayae = tUduppayae – I may/might not have seen

yAn tUduppayae – I may/might not have seen
I tUduppaya – You may/might not have seen
Aye/imbe tUduppaye – He may/might not have seen
Al/mOlu tUduppayal– She may/might not have seen
au/undu tUduppand – It may/might not have seen 
nama/enkulu tUduppaya– We may/might not have seen
Ir/nikulu tUduppayar– You may/might not have seen
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr tUduppayer – They may/might not have seen
undekulu/aikulu tUduppaya– They may/might not have seen

Tulu: Aye ninan tUduppaye
English: He may not have seen you
Kannada: avanu ninnannu nODirlikkilla

Tulu: akulu illaDe pOduppayer
English: They might not have gone home
Kannada: avaru manege hOgirlikkilla

Tulu: yAn elledulai I bElen mugit’duppayae
English: I might not have finished this work by tomorrow.
Kannada: nAnu nALeyoLage I kelasavannu mugisirlikkilla



More Example Sentences:

Tulu: Ayeg bus tatt’duppu
English: He may have missed the bus.
Kannada: avanige bus tappirabahudu

Tulu: pEr’n puchchae parduppu
English: The cat might have drunk the milk
Kannada: bekku hAlannu kuDidirabahudu

Tulu: enna kAr’n Er kaND’dupper?
English: Who might have stolen my car?
Kannada: nanna kArannu yAru kaddirabahudu?

Tulu: Aye ODe pOduppe?
English: Where might he have gone?
Kannada: avanu ellige hOgirabahudu?

Tulu: akulu ittae Mysore ett’dupper
English: They might have reached Mysore now
Kannada: avaru Iga Mysore talapirabahudu

Tulu: I aklen tUduppa
English: You might have seen them
Kannada: nInu avarannu nODirabahudu

Tulu: Aleg madat’pOduppu
English: She might have forgotten
Kannada: avaLige maretu hOgirabahudu

Tulu: Ir eNDa sullu panduppar
English: You might have lied to me
Kannada: nIvu nannalli suLLu hELirabahudu

Tulu: rAme nanala batt’duppaye
English: Rama might not have come yet
Kannada: rAma innU bandiralikkilla

Tulu: I iDe muTa kEnduppaya
English: You might not have heard till now
Kannada: nInu illi varege kELiralikkilla

Tulu: nikulu satya panduppayar
English: You might not have said the truth
Kannada: nIvu satya hELirlikkilla

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See you next week!


solmelu!

2 comments:

  1. Please translate

    I may do
    I might do
    I may not do
    I might not do

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. yAn malpae = I may do / I might do
      yAn malpayae = I may not do / I might not do

      Delete