Friday 21 October 2016

Tulu Lesson 37: Past Subjunctive Mood – “would/would have”

namaskAra! Welcome back!

Today we are going to learn past subjunctive mood in Tulu. The past subjunctive mood in Tulu used to express unreal past conditions and its probable past or present result. Before we proceed, I recommend you to review Tulu Lesson 14: PresentPerfect Tense and Uses of Adverbial Participles (Verbal Adverbs)

Look at the following sentences:

1. If you called me I would come

2. If you had called me I would have come

3. If I were a bird, I’d fly away.


As you see, we have ‘If’ clause at one side and subjunctive clause at the other.  We have already learned the “If” clause in the previous lesson.

If you called me = I enan lettaDa / I enan lett’NDa
If you had called me = I enan leidaDa / I enan leid’NDa
If I were a bird = yAn pakki At'NDa

No problem with that! Now let us translate “I would come” and "I would fly" to Tulu.

In Tulu, we use the following structure for the past subjunctive mood:


Past 
Adverbial Participle (Perfect) + uv + personal endings in (Uncertain) Future Tense

bar (barpini) = To come

batt’d + uv + ae = batt’duvae / baiduve – I would come or I would have come

rA (rApini) = To fly

rAd + uv + ae = rAtuvae - I would fly or I would have flown

So we are actually conjugating the past adverbial participle instead of root verb in uncertain future tense. 

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Personal endings in (Uncertain) Future Tense:

Singular
Plural
Pronoun
Ending
Pronoun
Ending
First Person
yAn
ae
nama/enkulu
a
Second Person
I
a
nikulu/Ir
ar
Third Person
Masc.
Aye/imbe
e
akulu/Ar/mokulu/mEr
er
Fem.
Al/mOlu
al
Neut.
au/undu
u
aikulu/undekulu
a

yAn baiduvae – I would come / I would have come
I baiduva – You would come / You would have come
Aye/imbe baiduve – He would come / He would have come
Al/mOlu baiduval– She would come / She would have come
au/undu baidu – It would come / It would have come  (We don’t have to add ‘uv’ sound since personal ending starts from ‘u’ sound)
nama/enkulu baiduva– We would come / We would have come
Ir/nikulu baiduvar– You would come / You would have come
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr baiduver – They would come / They would have come
undekulu/aikulu baiduva– They would come / They would have come

yAn rAtuvae – I would fly/ I would have flown
I rAtuva – You would fly/ You would have flown
Aye/imbe rAtuve – He would fly/ He would have flown
Al/mOlu rAtuval– She would fly/ She would have flown
au/undu rAtu – It would fly/ It would have flown (We don’t have to add ‘uv’ sound since personal ending itself starts from ‘u’ sound)
nama/enkulu rAtuva– We would fly/ We would have flown
Ir/nikulu rAtuvar– You would fly/ You would have flown
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr rAtuver – They would fly/ They would have flown
undekulu/aikulu rAtuva– They would fly/ They would have flown


Tulu: I enan lett’NDa yAn baiduvae
English: If you called me I would come
Kannada: nInu nannannu karedare nAnu bartidde

Tulu: I enan leid’NDa yAn baiduvae
English: If you had called me I would have come
Kannada: nInu nannannu karediddre nAnu bartidde

Tulu: yAn pakki At'NDa, rAtuvae 
English: If I were a bird, I’d fly away
Kannada: nAnu pakSiyAgiddare, hArADuttidde

More examples:

pO (pOpini) – To go

pOd + uv + ae = pOtuvae (d’ is pronounced as ‘t’, if it is a Class A verb) – I would go / I would have gone

yAn pOtuvae – I would go/ I would have gone
I pOtuva – You would go / You would have gone
Aye/imbe pOtuve – He would go / He would have gone
Al/mOlu pOtuval– She would go / She would have gone
au/undu pOtu – It would go / It would have gone  (We don’t have to add ‘uv’ sound since personal ending starts from ‘u’ sound)
nama/enkulu pOtuva– We would go / We would have gone
Ir/nikulu pOtuvar– You would go / You would have gone
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr pOtuver – They would go / They would have gone
undekulu/aikulu pOtuva– They would go / They would have gone

paN (pAnpini) – To tell/say

pand + uv + ae = pantuvae – I would say / I would have said

yAn pantuvae – I would say/ I would have said
I pantuva – You would say / You would have said
Aye/imbe pantuve – He would say / He would have said
Al/mOlu pantuval– She would say / She would have said
au/undu pantu – It would say / It would have said  (We don’t have to add ‘uv’ sound since personal ending starts from ‘u’ sound)
nama/enkulu pantuva– We would say / We would have said
Ir/nikulu pantuvar– You would say / You would have said
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr pantuver – They would say / They would have said
undekulu/aikulu pantuva– They would say / They would have said

kEN (kENuni) – To ask/hear/listen

kEnd + uv + ae = kEnduvae – I would ask / I would have asked

yAn kEnduvae – I would ask/ I would have asked
I kEnduva – You would ask / You would have asked
Aye/imbe kEnduve – He would ask / He would have asked
Al/mOlu kEnduval– She would ask / She would have asked
au/undu kEndu – It would ask / It would have asked  (We don’t have to add ‘uv’ sound since personal ending starts from ‘u’ sound)
nama/enkulu kEnduva– We would ask / We would have asked
Ir/nikulu kEnduvar– You would ask / You would have asked
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr kEnduver – They would ask / They would have asked
undekulu/aikulu kEnduva– They would ask / They would have asked

A (Apini) – To become

Ad + uv + ae = Atuvae – I would become / I would have become

yAn Atuvae – I would become/ I would have become
I Atuva – You would become / You would have become
Aye/imbe Atuve – He would become / He would have become
Al/mOlu Atuval– She would become / She would have become
au/undu Atu – It would become / It would have become  (We don’t have to add ‘uv’ sound since personal ending starts from ‘u’ sound)
nama/enkulu Atuva– We would become / We would have become
Ir/nikulu Atuvar– You would become / You would have become
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr Atuver – They would become / They would have become
undekulu/aikulu Atuva– They would become / They would have become

uppu/ippu (uppuni/ippuni) – To be

itt'd + uv + ae = itt'duvae – I would be / I would have been

yAn itt'duvae – I would be/ I would have been
I itt'duva – You would be / You would have been
Aye/imbe itt'duve – He would be / He would have been
Al/mOlu itt'duval– She would be / She would have been
au/undu itt'du – It would be / It would have been  (We don’t have to add ‘uv’ sound since personal ending starts from ‘u’ sound)
nama/enkulu itt'duva– We would be / We would have been
Ir/nikulu itt'duvar– You would be / You would have been
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr itt'duver – They would be / They would have been
undekulu/aikulu itt'duva– They would be / They would have been

Negative forms:

Negative forms in past subjunctive mood have following structure:

Past Adverbial Participle (Perfect) + Negative personal endings in (Uncertain) Future Tense

bar (barpini) – To come

batt’d + ayae = batt’dayae / baidayae – I would not come / I would not have come

Negative personal endings in (Uncertain) Future Tense:

Singular
Plural
Pronoun
Ending
Pronoun
Ending
First Person
yAn
ayae
nama/enkulu
aya
Second Person
I
aya
nikulu/Ir
ayar
Third Person
Masc.
Aye/imbe
aye
akulu/Ar/mokulu/mEr
ayer
Fem.
Al/mOlu
ayal
Neut.
au/undu
and
aikulu/undekulu
aya

yAn baidayae – I would not come / I would not have come
I baidaya – You would not come / You would not have come
Aye/imbe baidaye – He would not come / He would not have come
Al/mOlu baidayal– She would not come / She would not have come
au/undu baidand – It would not come / It would not have come 
nama/enkulu baidaya– We would not come / We would not have come
Ir/nikulu baidayar– You would not come / You would not have come
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr baidayer – They would not come / They would not have come
undekulu/aikulu baidaya– They would not come / They would not have come

More examples:

tU (tUpini) – To see

tUd + ayae = tUtayae (d’ is pronounced as ‘t’, if it is a Class A verb) – I would not see / I would not have seen

yAn tUtayae – I would not see / I would not have seen
I tUtaya – You would not see / You would not have seen
Aye/imbe tUtaye – He would not see / He would not have seen
Al/mOlu tUtayal– She would not see / She would not have seen
au/undu tUtand – It would not see / It would not have seen 
nama/enkulu tUtaya– We would not see / We would not have seen
Ir/nikulu tUtayar– You would not see / You would not have seen
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr tUtayer – They would not see / They would not have seen
undekulu/aikulu tUtaya– They would not see / They would not have seen

tiN (tiNpini) – To eat

tind + ayae = tintayae – I would not eat / I would not have eaten

yAn tintayae – I would not eat / I would not have eaten
I tintaya – You would not eat / You would not have eaten
Aye/imbe tintaye – He would not eat / He would not have eaten
Al/mOlu tintayal– She would not eat / She would not have eaten
au/undu tintand – It would not eat / It would not have eaten 
nama/enkulu tintaya– We would not eat / We would not have eaten
Ir/nikulu tintayar– You would not eat / You would not have eaten
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr tintayer – They would not eat / They would not have eaten
undekulu/aikulu tintaya– They would not eat / They would not have eaten

A (Apini) – To become

Ad + ayae = Atayae – I would not become / I would not have become

yAn Atayae – I would not become / I would not have become
I Ataya – You would not become / You would not have become
Aye/imbe Ataye – He would not become / He would not have become
Al/mOlu Atayal– She would not become / She would not have become
au/undu Atand – It would not become / It would not have become 
nama/enkulu Ataya– We would not become / We would not have become
Ir/nikulu Atayar– You would not become / You would not have become
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr Atayer – They would not become / They would not have become
undekulu/aikulu Ataya– They would not become / They would not have become

uppu/ippu (uppuni/ippuni) – To be

itt'd + ayae = itt'dayae – I would not be / I would not have been

yAn itt'dayae – I would not be / I would not have been
I itt'daya – You would not be / You would not have been
Aye/imbe itt'daye – He would not be / He would not have been
Al/mOlu itt'dayal– She would not be / She would not have been
au/undu itt'dand – It would not be / It would not have been 
nama/enkulu itt'daya– We would not be / We would not have been
Ir/nikulu itt'dayar– You would not be / You would not have been
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr itt'dayer – They would not be / They would not have been
undekulu/aikulu itt'daya– They would not be / They would not have been

Example Sentences:

Tulu: Ir paNDa yAn pOtuvae
English: If you told me, I would go
Kannada: nIvu hELidare nAnu hOgtidde

Tulu: Ir paNDijiDa yAn pOtayae
English: If you didn’t tell me, I wouldn’t go
Kannada: nIvu hELillAdre nAnu hOgtiralilla

Tulu: Ir pant’NDa yAn pOtuvae
English: If you had told me, I would have gone
Kannada: nIvu hELiddare nAnu hOgtidde

Tulu: Ir pantijiDa yAn pOtayae
English: If you hadn’t told me, I wouldn’t have gone
Kannada: nIvu hELadiddre nAnu hOgtiralilla

Tulu: yAn lett’NDa I baiduvana?
English: Would you come if I called you?
Kannada: nAnu karedre, nInu bartiddeya?

Tulu: yAn leid’NDa I baiduvana?
English: Would you have come if I had called you?
Kannada: nAnu karedidre nInu bartiddeya?

Tulu: yAn lett’NDa I baidayana?
English: Wouldn’t you come if I called you?
Kannada: nAnu karedre, nInu bartiralilva?

Tulu: yAn leid’NDa I baidayana?
English: Wouldn’t you have come if I had called you?
Kannada: nAnu karedidre nInu bartiralilva?

Tulu: Ir mUlu itt’NDa eDDe itt’du
English: If you were here, it would be nice
Kannada: nIvu illi iddre chennAgirtittu

Tulu: Ir mUlu itt’d’NDa eDDe itt’du
English: If you had been here, it would have been nice
Kannada: nIvu illi irtiddre chennAgirtittu

Tulu: Ir itt’d’NDa It banga Atand
English: If you had been here, it wouldn’t have been so hard 
Kannada: nIvu illi irtiddre ishTu kashTa Agtiralilla

Tulu: eNDa kAs itt’d’NDa nikk kortuvae
English: If I had had money I would have given it to you
Kannada: nannalli duDDu irtiddre ninage koDtidde

Tulu: aleg gottitt’d’NDa enk pantuval
English: She would have told me if she had known
Kannada: avaLige gottirtiddre nanage hELtidLu

Tulu: Aye barpinau gottitt’NDa (gottu + itt’NDa) yAn baidayae
English: If I knew he was coming I wouldn’t come
Kannada: avanu barOdu gottiddre nAnu bartiralilla

Tulu: I Odud’NDa parIksheD pAs Atuva
English: If you had studied you would have passed the exam
Kannada: nInu Odirtiddre parIksheyalli pAs Agtidde


The subjunctive mood in Tulu can also be used to talk about something you wanted to do but didn't, or regretting what you did or didn't do.

Examples:

Tulu: yAn ninan leiduvae, ANDa ninna phone number enk gottittiji
English: I would have called you, but I didn't know your phone number
Kannada: nAnu ninnannu karItidde, Adre ninna phone number nanage gottiralilla

Tulu: yAn ninan tUyere baiduvae! nikk hushAr ijjandinau enk gottittiji.
English:  I would have come to see you! I didn’t know you were ill.
Kannada: nAnu ninnannu nODOke bartidde! ninage hushAr illaddu nange gottiralilla.

Tulu: yAn nikk sAla kortuvae, ANDa eNDa dAla kAs ittiji
English: I would have loaned you the money, but I didn’t have any.
Kannada: nAnu ninage sAla koDtidde, Adare nannllii EnU duDDu iralilla

Tulu: Chae! yAn ontae bEga baiduvae!
English: I wish I had come little earlier!
Kannada: Che! nAnu svalpa bEga bartidde!

Tulu: Chae! I enaDa pantuva!
English: I wish you had told me!
Kannada: Che! nInu nannalli hELtidde!

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If you need more sentences translated in Tulu, please leave a comment. If you find this lesson helpful, please share it with your friends who wish to learn Tulu J

See you next week!

solmelu!

Friday 7 October 2016

Tulu Lesson 36: Conditional Mood - “If”

namaskAra! Welcome back!

Today we will learn how to translate ‘if’ in Tulu. Look at the following examples:

If you call me, I will come

If he comes, tell me

If I help you, will you help me?

As you see, we have two sentences. We have ‘If’ clause at one side and main clause at the other. In Tulu ‘If’ clause can be formed by adding the suffix ‘Da’ to the verb conjugations in all tenses.


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Example:

malpu (malpuni) – To do

Ir malpuvar – You do / You will do

Ir malpuvarDa – If you do

paN (paNpini) – To tell / say

Ar paNDer – He/She said

Ar paNDerDa – If he/she said


Alright! Let us conjugate the verb ‘bar’ (barpini - To do) in conditional mood in all tenses.

Present/Future: Positive

yAn barpaeDa – If I come
I barpaDa – If you come
Aye/imbe barpeDa – If he comes
Al/mOlu barpalDa – If she comes
au/undu barpuNDa (barpuNDu + Da) – If it comes
nama/enkulu barpaDa – If we come
Ir/nikulu barparDa – If you come
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr barperDa – If they come
undekulu/aikulu barpaDa – If they come

Present/Future: Negative

yAn barpujaeDa – If I don't come
I barpujaDa – If you don't come
Aye/imbe barpujeDa – If he doesn't come
Al/mOlu barpujalDa – If she doesn't come
au/undu barpujiDa – If it doesn't come
nama/enkulu barpujaDa – If we don't come
Ir/nikulu barpujarDa – If you don't come
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr barpujerDa – If they don't come
undekulu/aikulu barpujaDa – If they don't come


Past: Positive

yAn battaeDa – If I came
I battaDa – If you came
Aye/imbe batteDa – If he came
Al/mOlu battalDa – If she came
au/undu batt’NDa (batt’ND + Da) – If it came
nama/enkulu battaDa – If we came
Ir/nikulu battarDa – If you came
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr batterDa – If they came
undekulu/aikulu battaDa – If they came

Past: Negative

yAn battijaeDa – If I didn't come
I battijaDa – If you didn't come
Aye/imbe battijeDa – If he didn't come
Al/mOlu battijalDa – If she didn't come
au/undu battijiDa – If it didn't come
nama/enkulu battijaDa – If we didn't come
Ir/nikulu battijarDa – If you didn't come
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr battijerDa – If they didn't come
undekulu/aikulu battijaDa – If they didn't come

Present Perfect: Positive

yAn baidaeDa – If I had come
I baidaDa – If you had come
Aye/imbe baideDa – If he had come
Al/mOlu baidalDa – If she had come
au/undu baid’NDa (baid’ND + Da) – If it had come
nama/enkulu baidaDa – If we had come
Ir/nikulu baidarDa – If you had come
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr baiderDa – If they had come
undekulu/aikulu baidaDa – If they had come


Present Perfect: Negative

yAn baidijaeDa – If I had not come
I baidijaDa – If you had not come
Aye/imbe baidijeDa – If he had not come
Al/mOlu baidijalDa – If she had not come
au/undu baidijiDa – If it had not come
nama/enkulu baidijaDa – If we had not come
Ir/nikulu baidijarDa – If you had not come
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr baidijerDa – If they had not come
undekulu/aikulu baidijaDa – If they had not come

Note: In Tulu we use Present Perfect with 'If' clause while in English it is Past Perfect.

One more example:

bUru (bUruni) – To fall

Present/Future: Positive

yAn bUruvaeDa – If I fall
I bUruvaDa – If you fall
Aye/imbe bUruvaeDa – If he falls
Al/mOlu bUruvalDa – If she falls
au/undu bUruNDa (bUruNDu + Da) – If it falls
nama/enkulu bUruvaDa – If we fall
Ir/nikulu bUruvarDa – If you fall
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr bUruverDa – If they fall
undekulu/aikulu bUruvaDa – If they fall

Present/Future: Negative

yAn bUrujaeDa – If I don't fall
I bUrujaDa – If you don't fall
Aye/imbe bUrujeDa – If he doesn't fall
Al/mOlu bUrujalDa – If she doesn't fall
au/undu bUrujiDa – If it doesn't fall
nama/enkulu bUrujaDa – If we don't fall
Ir/nikulu bUrujarDa – If you don't fall
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr bUrujerDa – If they don't fall
undekulu/aikulu bUrujaDa – If they don't fall

Past: Positive

yAn bUriyaeDa – If I fell
I bUriyaDa – If you fell
Aye/imbe bUriyeDa – If he fell
Al/mOlu bUriyalDa – If she fell
au/undu bUr’NDa (bUr’ND + Da) – If it fell
nama/enkulu bUriyaDa – If we fell
Ir/nikulu bUriyarDa – If you fell
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr bUriyerDa – If they fell
undekulu/aikulu bUriyaDa – If they fell

Past: Negative

yAn bUrijaeDa – If I didn't fall
I bUrijaDa – If you didn't fall
Aye/imbe bUrijeDa – If he didn't fall
Al/mOlu bUrijalDa – If she didn't fall
au/undu bUrijiDa – If it didn't fall
nama/enkulu bUrijaDa – If we didn't fall
Ir/nikulu bUrijarDa – If you didn't fall
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr bUrijerDa – If they didn't fall
undekulu/aikulu bUrijaDa – If they didn't fall

Present Perfect: Positive

yAn bUrdaeDa – If I had fallen
I bUrdaDa – If you had fallen
Aye/imbe bUrdeDa – If he had fallen
Al/mOlu bUrdalDa – If she had fallen
au/undu bUrd’NDa (bUrd’ND + Da) – If it had fallen
nama/enkulu bUrdaDa – If we had fallen
Ir/nikulu bUrdarDa – If you had fallen
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr bUrderDa – If they had fallen
undekulu/aikulu bUrdaDa – If they had fallen

Present Perfect: Negative

yAn bUrdijaeDa – If I had not fallen
I bUrdijaDa – If you had not fallen
Aye/imbe bUrdijeDa – If he had not fallen
Al/mOlu bUrdijalDa – If she had not fallen
au/undu bUrdijiDa – If it had not fallen
nama/enkulu bUrdijaDa – If we had not fallen
Ir/nikulu bUrdijarDa – If you had not fallen
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr bUrdijerDa – If they had not fallen
undekulu/aikulu bUrdijaDa – If they had not fallen

Now let us translate the following 3 sentences in Tulu:

1. If you call me, I will come

You call me – I enan leppuva
I will come – yAn barpae

Tulu: I enan leppuvaDa, yAn barpae
English: If you call me, I will come
Kannada: nInu nannannu karedare, nAnu bartEne

2. If he comes, tell me

He comes – Aye barpe
Tell me – eNDa paN

Tulu: Aye barpeDa eNDa paN
English: If he comes, tell me
Kannada: avanu bandare, nanage hELu

3. If I help you, will you help me?

I help you – yAn nikk sAya malpuvae
Will you help me? – I enk sAya malpuvana?

Tulu: yAn nikk sAya malpuveDa, I enk sAya malpuvana?
English: If I help you, will you help me?
Kannada: nAnu ninage sahAya mADidare, nInu nanage sahAya mADuttIya?

The above translated sentences in Tulu are correct. However, normally in spoken Tulu, the third person neuter past tense singular (like batt’NDa, bUr’NDa) used for all persons in all tenses regardless of singular or plural. So above 3 examples can also be translated to Tulu as given below:

Tulu: I enan lett’NDa, yAn barpae
English: If you call me, I will come
Kannada: nInu nannannu karedare, nAnu bartEne

Tulu: Aye batt’NDa, enaDa paN
English: If he comes, tell me
Kannada: avanu bandare, nanage hELu

Tulu: yAn nikk sAya malt’NDa, I enk sAya malpuvana?
English: If I help you, will you help me?
Kannada: nAnu ninage sahAya mADidare, nInu nanage sahAya mADuttIya?

As you see, above sentences are future conditional sentences, but we used the third person neuter past tense singular (lett’NDa, batt’NDa and malt’NDa) while translating ‘If’ clause. Today we are learning only future conditional sentences. Next week we will go to the past conditional sentences.


More Examples:

Tulu: I Od’NDa, parIksheD pAs Apa
English: If you study, you will pass the exam
Kannada: nInu Odidre, parIksheyalli pAs AgtIya

Tulu: I OdijiDa, parIksheD fail Apa
English: If you don’t read, you will fail the exam
Kannada: nInu Odlilladre, parIksheyalli fail AgtIya

Tulu: barsa batt’NDa, yAn chaNDi Apae
English: If it rains, I will get wet
Kannada: maLe bandre, nAnu odde AgtEne

Tulu: dAla samasyae itt’NDa enk paNle
English: If you have any problem, tell me
Kannada: EnAdrU samasye iddare nanage hELi

Tulu: Erla batt’NDa, enan leppu
English: If anyone comes, call me  
Kannada: yArAdrU bandre, nannannu kari

Tulu: I ellae batt’NDa, enk teripAv
English: If you come tomorrow, let me know (once you came)
Kannada: nInu nALe bandre, nanage tiLisu

Tulu: I ellae barpaDa, enk teripAv (Here we have to use future tense ‘barpaDa’ in the ‘If’ clause, since it expresses willingness or a wish)
English: If you will come tomorrow, let me know (in advance)
Kannada: nInu nALe barOdAdre, nanage tiLisu

Tulu: Aye barpeDa baraD (Again this sentence expresses a wish)
English: If he wants, let him come
Kannada: avanu barOdAdre, barali

Tulu: ANDa, enk onji sAya malpuvana?
English: If possible, can you do me a favor?
Kannada: Adre, nanage ondu sahAya mADuttIya?

Tulu: ANDa bayyag tikvae
English: If possible, I will meet you in the evening
Kannada: Adre sanje sigtEne

Tulu: dAla bODANDa (bODu + ANDa), enan leppule
English: If you need anything, call me
Kannada: EnAdrU bEkiddre, nannannu kariri

Also we can add the suffix ‘Da’ directly to the modal verbs like ‘bOdu’, boDchi, and, att, Avu
bODu = Need
bODuDa = If needed/want
boDchi = need not/not wanted
boDchiDa = If not needed
and = Yes / True
and’Da = If it is yes/true
att = No
att’Da = If it is not / Or
Avu = Okay
AvuDa = If it is okay

Tulu: dAla bODuDa enan leppule
English: If you need anything, call me
KannaDa: EnAdarU bEkiddare, nannannu kareyiri

Tulu: ireg boDchiDa, pira korle
English: If you don’t need, return it 
KannaDa: nimage bEDavAdare, hinde koDi

Tulu: Aye enna dosti and’Da, enk sAya malpuve
English: If it is true that he is my friend, he will help me
Kannada: avanu nanna snEhita haudAdare, nanage sahAya mADuttAne

Tulu: I att’Da, bEtae Er?
English: If not you, who else?
Kannada: nInu alladidre, bEre yAru?

Tulu: nikk AvuDa, dettoNu 
English: If it is okay for you, buy it
Kannada: ninage AgabahudAdare, takO 

Following words are frequently used with ‘if’ clause in Tulu:

1. onji vElae / onjelae / onji paksha = By chance / In case (Kannada: ondu vELe)

Example:

Tulu: onji vElae barsa batt’NDa, yAn bannaga portAvu (portu + Avu)
English: In case it rains, I may get late
Kannada: ondu vELe maLe bandre, nAnu baruvAga taDa AdItu

2. mini = by any chance (Kannada: EnAdrU)

The word ‘mini’ may have different meanings when used in sentences.

Examples:

Tulu: nikk mini gottuNDa?
Englsih: Do you know by any chance?
Kannada: ninage EnAdrU gottideya?

Tulu: enaDd mini Avand
English: It’s not possible for me in any case
Kannada: nanninda antU sAdhya illa

Tulu: akulu mini baruvera?
English: Will they come by any chance?
Kannada: avaru EnAdrU bandAra?

Tulu: yAn bannaga portANDa mini, neroDchi
English: If by any chance I am late, don’t scold me
Kannada: nAnu baruvAga EnAdrU taDa Adre, baibEDa

Tulu: onji vElae yAn bannaga portANDa mini, enk kApoDchi
English: If by any chance I am late, don’t wait for me
Kannada: ondu vELe nAnu baruvAga EnAdrU taDa Adre, nanage kAyabEDa

3. mAtra = Only (Kannada: mAtra)

Example:

Tulu: I lett’NDa mAtra barpae
English: I will come only if you call me
Kannada: nInu karedare mAtra bartEne

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solmelu!