Friday 25 March 2016

Tulu Lesson 10: Negative and Interrogative in Simple Past Tense

namaskAra! mAterla encha ullar? soukhyana?

Today we are going to learn negative and interrogative form of sentences in Past Tense. You already know verb conjugation in Simple Past tense. To make it negative just change the personal endings.

 Personal endings for negative form of sentences in Simple Past tense:

Singular
Plural
Pronoun
Ending
Example: pO
Pronoun
Ending
Example: pO
First Person
yAn
ijae
pOyijae
nama/enkulu
ija
pOyija
Second Person
I
ija
pOyija
nikulu/Ir
ijar
pOyijar
Third Person
Masc.
Aye/imbe
ije
pOyije
akulu/Ar/mokulu/mEr
ijer
pOyijer
Fem.
Al/mOlu
ijal
pOyijal
Neut.
au/undu
iji
pOyiji
aikulu/undekulu
ija
pOyija

Note: You may see some people use ‘iji’ ending for first person singular, ‘yAn pOyiji’ instead of ‘yAn pOyijae’ though grammatically it is wrong.

learn tulu

1. Verbs ending in ‘pu’

Example: jeppu (jeppuni) – To sleep (Kannada: malaguvudu)

jeppu >>> jett + personal ending = jettijae - I did not sleep (Kannada: nAnu malagalilla)

yAn jettijae – I did not sleep
I jettija – You did not sleep
Aye/imbe jettije – He did not sleep
Al/mOlu jettijal – She did not sleep
au/undu jettiji – It did not sleep
nama/enkulu jettija – We did not sleep
Ir/nikulu jettijar – You did not sleep
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr jettijer – They did not sleep
undekulu/aikulu jettija – They did not sleep

2. Verbs ending in ‘N’

Example: tiN (tiNpini) – To eat (Kannada: tinnuvudu)

tiN + D + personal ending = tiNDijae - I did not eat (Kannada: nAnu tinnalilla)

yAn tiNDijae – I did not eat
I tiNDija – You did not eat
Aye/imbe tiNDije – He did not eat
Al/mOlu tiNDijal – She did not eat
au/undu tiNDiji – It did not eat
nama/enkulu tiNDija – We did not eat
Ir/nikulu tiNDijar – You did not eat
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr tiNDijer – They did not eat
undekulu/aikulu tiNDija – They did not eat

3. All other verbs.

Example: Odu (Oduni) – To read (Kannada: Oduvudu)

Odu + i + personal ending = Odijae – I did not read (Kannada: nAnu Odalilla)

yAn Odijae – I did not read
I Odija – You did not read
Aye/imbe Odije – He did not read
Al/mOlu Odijal – She did not read
au/undu Odiji – It did not read
nama/enkulu Odija – We did not read
Ir/nikulu Odijar – You did not read
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr Odijer – They did not read
undekulu/aikulu Odija – They did not read

The verbs ‘bar’ (barpini – To come), ‘sai’ (saipini – To die) and ‘bey’ (beypini – To be cooked/boiled) are irregular.

bar + t + personal ending – battijae = I did not come (Kannada: nAnu baralilla)
sai + t + personal ending – saitijae = I did not die (Kannada: nAnu sAyalilla)
bey + t + personal ending – beytiji = It is not cooked / boiled (Kannada: adu/idu bEyalilla)

A (Apini) – To become/happen (Kannada: Aguvudu)

A + i + personal ending = Ayijae- I did not become (Kannada: nAnu Agalilla)

yAn Ayijae – I did not become
I Ayija – You did not become
Aye/imbe Ayije – He did not become
Al/mOlu Ayijal – She did not become
au/undu Ayiji – It did not become /It did not happen/
nama/enkulu Ayija – We did not become
Ir/nikulu Ayijar – You did not become
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr Ayijer – They did not become
undekulu/aikulu Ayija – They did not become

uppu/ippu (uppuni/ippuni) – To be (Kannada: iruvudu)

ippu >>> itt + personal ending = ittijae – I was not (Kannada: nAnu iralilla)

yAn ittijae – I was not
I ittija – You were not
Aye/imbe ittije – He was not
Al/mOlu ittijal – She was not
au/undu ittiji – It was not
nama/enkulu ittija – We were not
Ir/nikulu ittijar – You were not
akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr ittijer – They were not
undekulu/aikulu ittija – They were not

Example sentences:

Tulu: barsa battiji
English: It did not rain
Kannada: maLe baralilla

Tulu: yAn ninan tUyijae
English: It did not see you
Kannada: nAnu ninnannu nODalilla

Tulu: akulu eNDa pAterijer
English: They did not speak with me
Kannada: avaru nannalli mAtannADalilla

Tulu: enna dOsti enan lettije
English: My friend did not call me
Kannada: nanna geLeya nannannu kareyalilla

Tulu: jayante illaD ittije
English: Jayanth was not at home
Kannada: jayanta maneyalli iralilla

Tulu: Aye uNDije / Aye onas maltije
English: He did not have lunch/dinner
Kannada: avanu UTa mADalilla

Tulu: niNDa kAs ittiji
English: You did not have money
Kannada: ninnalli duDDu iralilla


Interrogative in Simple Past:

I hope you already know how to make interrogative form of sentences in Tulu.

Tulu: onas ANDa? / uNDara?
English: Had your lunch/dinner?
Kannada: UTa Ayta?

Tulu: AND, irena ANDe? (giving respect to the listener)
English: Yes, what about you?
Kannada: Aytu, nimdu Ayta?

Tulu: chA pariyare? (giving respect to the listener)
English: Had your tea?
Kannada: chahA kuDidra?

Tulu: jayante bEleg pOyena?
English: Did Jayanth go to work?
Kannada: jayanta kelasakke hOdana?

Tulu: I aleDa kENDana?
English: Did you ask her?
Kannada: nInu avalalli kELidiya?

Tulu: Aye ninna purse kaNDiyena?
English: Did he steal your purse?
Kannada: avanu ninna purse kaddana?

Tulu: I ninna dOstyallen madimeg lettana?
English: Did you call (invite) your friends for the wedding?
Kannada: nInu ninna geLeyarannu maduvege karediya?

Tulu: Ar nikk phone maltijera?
English: Didn’t he/she call you?
Kannada: avaru ninge phone mADalilva?

Tulu: pEr kanattijana?
English: Didn’t you bring milk?
Kannada: nInu hAlu taralilva?

Tulu: chAkk sakkarae pADijare?
English: Didn’t you add sugar to tea?
Kannada: nIvu chahAge sakkare hAkalilva?

Tulu: nela aDtana?
English: Did you sweep the floor?
Kannada: nela guDisidya?

Tulu: nela ochchijana?
English: Didn’t you wipe the floor?
Kannada: nInu nela oresalillava?

Tulu: kuNTu ardiyala?
English: Did she wash the clothes?
Kannada: baTTe ogedaLa?

Tulu: bAjana dekkijena?
English: Didn’t he wash the dishes?
Kannada: avanu pAtre toLilillava?

Click here to go to Vocabulary page.

Click here for Video lessons

See you next week!


solmelu!

4 comments:

  1. I've read some good stuff here. Definitely worth bookmarking for revisiting.
    I surprise how much attempt you place to create this type of wonderful informative website.

    ReplyDelete
  2. I am extremely inspired with your writing abilities as smartly as with the structure for your weblog.
    Is this a paid subject or did you modify it yourself? Either way keep up the excellent high quality writing,
    it is uncommon to look a nice weblog like this one today..

    ReplyDelete
  3. Why viewers still make use of to read news papers when in this technological world everything is presented
    on web?

    ReplyDelete