Friday 22 April 2016

Tulu Lesson 13: Adjectives – Part 1

Hello everyone, welcome back!

So far we have learned Simple Present, Future Tense and Simple Past Tense in Tulu. The tenses we have learned are good enough for us to take another step. Before going to other tenses, I am going to start a different part of the Tulu language. Today, we are going to learn some simple adjectives. Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns or pronouns. Generally it tells about quality, quantity, size, shape, age, colour and material of nouns or pronouns used in the sentences.

Tulu
Kannada
English
eDDae
oLLe
Good
porlu/shOku
chanda
Beautiful
malla
doDDa
Big
elya
saNNa / chikka
Small
mast
tumbA
Very much, a lot
dinja/jAsti
tumbA/jAsti
Much, full
vantae/chUru
svalpa
A little, a bit
mAta / pUra
ellA
All/whole
iDi
iDi
Full, whole
ardha
ardha
Half
kelavu
kelavu
Some
pAka
halavu
Many
nirmala / sudda
svachcha
Clean
para
haLe
Old
posa
hosa
New

Click here to learn more adjectives in Tulu.
Click here to learn colours in Tulu.

Colours and numbers can also be used as adjectives. 

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Example sentences:

Tulu: Aye eDDae naramAni
English: He is a good man
Kannada: avanu oLLe manushya

Tulu: Aye mast eDDae narmAni
English: He is a very good man
Kannada: avanu tumbA oLLe manushya

Tulu:  porluda poNNu / shOkuda poNNu
English: Beautiful girl
Kannada: chandada huDugi

Tulu: yAn onji malla illan tUyae
English: I saw a big house
Kannada: nAnu ondu doDDa maneyannu nODide

Tulu: parbogu mAterla posa kuNTu pADuver
Engish: Everyone wears new dress for the festival
Kannda: habbakke ellarU hosa baTTE uDuttAre

Tulu: Aye enna para dOsti
English: He is my old friend
Kannada: avanu nanna haLe geLeya

Tulu:  Aye boldu angi pAduve
English: He will wear a white shirt
Kannada: avanu biLi baTTe hAktAne

Tulu: enna illaD El kONae uNDu
English: There are seven rooms in my house.
Kannada: nanna maneyalli ELu kONegaLu ive.

Tulu:  pAka jana sEriyer
English: many people gathered
Kannada: halavu jana sEridaru.

Tulu: onji shOkuda elya ill
English: A beautiful small house
Kannada: ondu chandada saNNa mane

Tulu: kappu nAyi koret’ND
English: The black dog barked
Kannada: kappu nAyi bogaLitu

Tulu: nUdu jana itter
English: There were hundred people
Kannada: nUru jana iddaru

Tulu: yAn bechcha nIr pariyae
English: I drank warm water
Kannada: nAnu bisi nIru kuDide

Tulu: Aye onji posa angi dettoNDe
English: He bought a new shirt
Kannada: avanu ondu hosa angi takoNDa

Adjectives can be formed from different words like nouns and verbs. But they are used in Genitive case (suffix  ‘da’/’ta’ or ‘na’).

Some of adjectives which are formed from nouns:

Tulu
Kannada
English
marata
marada
Wooden
dUrada 
dUrada
Distant
kaitalda/muTTada 
hattirada
Nearby
sukhata
sukhada
Happy 
dukkhada
dukkhada
Sorrowful
bEneda
nOvina
Painful
kashTada / bangada
kashTada
Difficult
sulabada
sulabada
Easy
buddhida
buddhiya
Clever
koNDATada
muddAda
Lovely

Examples:

Tulu: marata ill
English: Wooden house
Kannada: marada mane

Tulu: dUrada Uru
English: Distant village
Kannada: dUrada Uru

Tulu: sukhata bad’k
English: Happy life
Kannada: sukhavAda baduku

Tulu: sulabada bElae
English: Easy work
Kannada: sulabhavada kelasa

Tulu: koNDATada bAlae / mOkeda bAlae
English: Lovely kid
Kannada: muddAda magu

Tulu: shOkuda nAyida kinni
English: cute puppy
Kannada: chandada nAyi mari

Tulu: buddhida nAyi
English: buddhiya (jANa) nAyi
English: Clever dog

Tulu: bangArda ungila
English: Gold ring
Kannda: chinnada ungura

Tulu: kuppida kAjilu
English: Glass bangles
Kannada: gAjina baLegaLu

We will learn how to form adjectives from verbs in coming lessons.

Comparative Adjectives: There are no comparative adjectives in Tulu, but it can be expressed by using ablative case.

Examples:

Tulu: rAme dUmeDd malla
English: Rama is bigger (older) than Duma.
Kannada: rAma dUmaniginta doDDava

Tulu: moleDd Al porlu
English: she is more beautiful than her
Kannada: ivaLiginta avaLu chanda

Tulu: kuDla uDupiDd muTTa
English: Mangalore is nearer than Udupi
Kannada: mangaLUru uDupiginta hattira

Tulu: imbe mAtereDd'la buddhivante
English: He is the cleverest of them all.
Kannada: ivanu ellarigintalU buddhivanta

Tulu: enaDd I udda
English: You are taller than me
Kannada: nanaginta nInu udda

Tulu: Aye ninaDd tOra
English: He is fatter than you
Kannada: avanu ninaginta dappagiddAne

Tulu: yAn ninaDd sapura
English: I am skinnier than you
Kannada: nAnu ninaginta sapura


Some of the adjectives can be used with pronouns to indicate gender:

malla – big
malla + Aye = mallAye – Elder (M) (Kannada: doDDavanu)
malla + Al = mallAl -  Elder (F) (Kannada: doDDavaLu)
malla + au = mallau – Elder / The one that is big (N) (Kannada: doDDadu)
malla + Ar = mallAr – Elder (M/F) (Kannada: doDDavaru)
malla + akulu = mallakulu – Elders (Kannada: doDDavaru)

tOra – Thick / Fat
tOradAye – He who is fat (Kannada: dappaginavanu)
tOradAl – She who is fat (Kannada: dappaginavaLu)
tOradau – The one which is fat (Kannada: dappaginadu)
tOradAr – He/She who is fat (Kannada: dappaginavaru)
tOradakulu – They who are fat (Kannada: dappaginavaru)

kaital – Near
kaitaldAye – He who is nearby/close (Kannada: hattiradavanu)
kaitaldAl – She who is nearby/close (Kannada: hattiradavaLu)
kaitaldau – The one which is nearby/close (Kannada: hattiraddu)
kaitaldAr - He/She who is nearby/close (Kannada: hattiradavaru)
kaitaldakulu - They who are nearby/close (Kannada: hattiradavaru)

porlu – Beauty
porludAye – He who is beautiful (Kannada: chandadavanu)
porludAl – She who is beautiful (Kannada: chandadavaLu)
porludau – The one which is beautiful (Kannada: chandaddu)
porludAr - He/She who is beautiful (Kannada: chandadavaru)
porludakulu - They who are beautiful (Kannada: chandadavaru)

kAs’dAye – He who has money / Rich man (Kannada: duDDiruvava)
kAs’dAl – She who has money / Rich woman (Kannada: duDDiruvavaLu)
kAs’dAr - – He/She who has money (Kannada: duDDiruvavaru)
kAs’dakulu – They who has money (Kannada: duDDiruvavaru)

There are some words which are created from adjectives and can be used as nouns:

posa – new (Kannada: hosa)
posatt – The one which is new (Kannada: hosattu)
posabe – He who is new/New man (Kannada: hosaba)
posabedi – She who is new/New woman (Kannada: hosabaLu)
posaber – They who are new/New people (Kannda: hosabaru)

para – old
paratt – The one which is old (Kannada: haLattu)
parabe – He who is old /Old man (Kannada: haLaba / muduka)
parabedi /parabu – She who is old /Old woman  (Kannada: haLabaLu / muduki)
paraber – They who are old/Old people (Kannada: haLabaru / mudukaru)

buddhivante - He who is clever/Clever man (Kannada: buddhivanta)
buddhivantedi - she who is clever/Clever woman(Kannada: buddhivante)
buddhivanter - They who are clever//Clever people(Kannada: buddhivantaru)

javane - He who is young/Young man (Kannada: yuvaka)
javandi - she who is young/Young woman (Kannada: yuvati)
javaner - those who are young/Young people (Kannada: yuvakaru)

tuluve – A Tuluva man (M) (Kannada: tuLuva)
tuluvedi – A Tuluva woman (F) (Kannada: tuLuvaLu)
tuluver – Tuluvas/Tuluva people (Kannada: tuLuvaru)

baDave – Poor man (Kannada: baDava)
baDavedi – Poor woman (Kannada: baDavaLu)
baDaver – Poor people (Kannada: baDavaru)

sirivante – Rich man (Kannada: sirivanta)
sirivantedi - Rich woman (Kannada: sirivante)
sirivanter – Rich people (Kannada: sirivanta)

That is all for today. If you have any questions, feel free to comment. See you next week!

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solmelu!

2 comments:

  1. Nice too see you back with another lesson after a long time ! I wait for a lesson every Friday. When are we covering continuous tenses Kiran ? For example, "povondulle", "barondullar", etc...

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    Replies
    1. I am sorry Raghunandan I could not write a lesson last week as I was busy. Once we are done with the adjectives, we will go back to the tenses. But, this week I want to cover present perfect tense, a little tricky one!

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