namaskAra! Welcome back!
Today we are going to learn another verbal which is called
Participles or verbal adjectives. There are 4 forms: Present, Simple Past, Past
Perfect and Negative.
Present participle:
suffix ‘u’ and ‘pi’
Suffix ‘u’ is added to Class B root verbs and suffix ‘pi’ is
added to Class A root verbs.
Examples:
Class A:
bar + pi >> barpi – Coming
tiN + pi >> tiNpi – Eating
pO + pi >>> pOpi – Going
paN + pi >>> paNpi - telling/saying
Class B:
kEN + u >>> kEnu – hearing/asking
malpu + u >>> malpu – doing
bUru + u >>> bUru – falling
pAD + u >>> pADu - putting / wearing
Past participle
(Simple): suffix ‘i’
Suffix ‘i’ is added to Simple Past verb stem:
batt + i >>>> batti – came / was come
malt + i >>> malti – did / was done
tU(i) + i >>> tUyi – saw / was seen
kEND + i >>> kENDi – heard or asked / was
heard/asked
paND + i >>> paNDi – told or said / was told/said
jett + i >>> jetti – slept / was slept
bUr(i) + i >>> bUri – fell / was fallen
itt + i >>> itti – was / was been
Past participle
(Perfect): Past Gerund + suffix ‘i’
Suffix ‘i’ is added to Past Gerund (Perfect):
Examples:
batt’d + i >>> batt’di >>> baidi – has come
malt’d + i >>> malt’di – has done
tUd + i >>> tUti – has seen
kEnd + i >>>
kEndi – has heard/asked
pand + i >>> panti – has told/said
jett’d + i >>> jett’di >>> jeidi – has slept
bUrd + i >>> bUrdi – has fallen
itt’d + i >>> itt’di - has been
tind + i >>> tinti – has eaten
Negative participle:
suffix ‘andi’
Suffix ‘andi’ is added to root verb.
barandi – has not come
malpandi – has not done
pOvandi –has not gone
tiNandi –has not eaten
tiNandi –has not eaten
uppandi –has not been
ijjandi (or dAnti) – has not been
The participles in Tulu are mainly used as adjectives or in relative
clauses. The Genitive case suffix ‘na’ can be optionally added.
Examples:
Tulu: barpi vAra / barpina vAra
Enlish: Coming week or Next Week
Kannada: baruva vAra
Tulu: parappu nIr / parappuna nIr
English: Flowing water
Kannada: hariyuva nIru
Tulu: parpi nIr / parpina nIr
English: Drinking water
Kannada: kuDiyuva nIru
Tulu: bIju gAli / bIjuna gAli
English: Blowing wind
Kannada: bIsuva gALi
Tulu: pOyi tingolu / pOyina tinglu
English: The month that went or last month
Kannada: hOda tingaLu
Tulu: malti bElae / maltina bElae
English: The work that was done
Kannada: mADida kelasa
Tulu: paNDi pAtera / paNDina pAtera
English: The speech that was spoken or promise that was made
Kannada: ADida mAtu
Tulu: tUyi kaNN / tUyina kaNN
English: The eyes that saw
Kannada: nODida kaNNu
Tulu: baidi binner / baidina binner
English: The guests who have come
Kannada: bandiruva neNTaru
Tulu: tUti jana / tUtina jana
English: The people who have seen
Kannada: nODiruva jana
Tulu: kalt’di bAsae / kalt’dina bAsae
English: The language that has been learned / The learned
language
Kannada: kalitiruva bAshe
Tulu: paridi angi / paridina angi
English: The shirt that has been torn / The torn shirt
Kannada: harida angi
Tulu: tUvandi Uru / tUvandina Uru
English: The village that is not seen
Kannada: nODada Uru
Tulu: bUrandi mara / bUrandina mara
English: The tree that has not fallen
Tulu: yAn barpi vAra barpae
English: I will come next week
Kannada: nAnu baruva vAra bartEne
Tulu: undu parpina nIra?
English: Is it drinking water?
Kannada: idu kuDiyuva nIra?
Tulu: Ir korpina kAs enk yAvuji
English: The money that you give is not enough for me
Kannada: nIvu koDuva duDDu nanage sAkAguvudilla
Tulu: yAn malpuna bElae mast banga uNDu
English: The work I do is very difficult.
Kannada: nAnu mADuva kelasa tumbA kashTa ide
Tulu: yAn paNDi pAtera tatt’d naDapayae
English: I will never break the promise I made.
Kannada: nAnu ADida (koTTa) mAtu tappi naDeyenu
Tulu: nama puTTudu balattina Uru
English: The village where we born and grew up
Kannada: nAvu huTTi beLeda Uru
Tulu: tulu panpi bAsae
English: A language called Tulu
Kannada: tuLu ennuvavbAshe
Tulu: nIr itti guvel
English: A well which has water
Kannada: nIru iruva bAvi
Tulu: nIr dAnti guvel
English: A well which doesn’t have water
Kannada: nIru illada bAvi
Tulu: gati dAnti naramAni
English: A helpless man
Kannada: gati illada manushya
Tulu: Avandi bElae
English: Work that was not done
Kannada: Agada kelasa
Tulu: nama batti sAdi
English: The way by which we came
Kannda: nAvu banda dAri
Tulu: yAn uppuna ill
English: The house in which I reside
Kannda: nAnu iruva mane
Like adjectives, participles can also be used with pronouns
to indicate gender and number.
tUpinAyae – He who sees (Kannada: nODuvavanu)
pOyinAl – She who went (Kannada: hOdavaLu)
partinakulu – They who have drunken (Kannada:
kuDidiruvavaru)
barandinAr – He/She who has not come (Kannada: baradavaru)
malpunau – That which does
(Kannada: mADuvadu)
(Kannada: mADuvadu)
Tulu: kAs ittinAye / kAs uppunAye
English: The one who has money
Kannada: duDDiruvavanu
Tulu: kAs dAntinAye
English: The one who doesn't have money
Kannada: duDDilladavanu
Tulu: I maltinau sari att
English: What you did is not right
Kannada: nInu mADiddu sari alla
Tulu: ini barandinakulu ellae baruver
English: Those who did not come today may come tomorrow
Kannada: ivattu baradavaru nALe bandAru
Click here to go to Vocabulary page.
That is all for today. If you have any questions, feel free
to comment. See you next week!
solmelu!
No comments:
Post a Comment